Christian cults in Singapore: Something not to be taken lightly
Extracted and adapted by Joseph Soh
September 17, 2012
SINGAPORE—In 25th May 2012, I was approached by this guy from World Mission Society Church of God at Tai Seng, which is at the outside, there is a furniture store, and it look more like a industry complex, and they will tell you their “church service” is at that location, which to me I find it suspicious.
The next thing I saw was the funny picture of the current cult leader, Zahng Gil-Jah, after Ahn Sahng-hong who was the cult’s founder, was treated as treated as “Jerusalem father” or “Jerusalem mother”. This is indeed heretical to me and I find it a nuisance, but at the same time, worrying for my own friends who aren’t aware of all this, falling into these traps without knowing the definitions of what is a Christian cult and what isn’t.
To understand this concept of what is a Christian cult, I’ve extracted quite a few articles from sources like Wikipedia, and typically, these are the common characteristics of Christian cults, and I too have these same sentiments as from these definitions of what is a Christian cult, and recognizing the danger of being brainwashed, if not careful.
Typically, all Christian cults had many “cultic” characteristics. These include:
- believing that its baptism by repentance and full immersion in water is the only true form of becoming a Christian
- making members confess their sins and private thoughts to leaders
- making members submit papers on how they spend their time
- encouraging members to leave home to live communally
- encouraging members to date and marry only fellow members
- making members submit sin lists to leaders
- pressuring members to recruit new members
- teaching members that their church is the only true church
- making attendance of all church meetings compulsory
- disciplining members who question the authority of leaders
Few Christian cults that are prevailing in Singapore—BEWARE!!
1. World Mission Society Church of God
World Mission Society Church of God was founded by Ahn Sahng-hong in 1964. The church believes that he is the second coming of Christ because of his fulfillment of prophecies. Ahn Sahng-Hong, died in 1985 leaving the leadership of the church to his spiritual wife, Zahng Gil-Jah, known in the church as “the Heavenly Mother”, and the General Pastor is Kim Joo-Cheol. Its headquarters are located in Bundang, Sungnam City, Kyunggi Province, roughly an hour away from Seoul. Zahng is also chairperson of the New Life Welfare Foundation and of the International We Love You Foundation.
The church believes that Zahng Gil-Jah is “God the Mother,” who they believe is referred to in the Bible as the New Jerusalem Mother (Galatians 4:26), and that Ahn Sahng-Hong is God the Father. The church regards the earthly family system as a copy and shadow of the heavenly family system (Hebrews 8:5), consisting of a Heavenly Father, Heavenly Mother, and the spiritual brothers and sisters (humans).
The church of god holds “the three ‘R’ movements”: “Restore the Faith of the Early Church”, “Restore the Truth of the Early Church”, and “Redeem the Whole World”, as stated by the Chief Pastor Joo-Cheol Kim. The members pray in the name of Ahn Sahng-Hong, whom they believe the scriptures testify is the Second Coming of Christ.
Due to its deviation from mainstream Christian beliefs, many outside of the organization consider the World Mission Society Church of God to be a cult. The Christian Council of Korea, which represents Protestant churches in the country, has declared the World Mission Society Church of God “heresy”. The church argues that this allegation is groundless, with a court case going as far as the Korean Supreme Court clearing their name of the specific charges. Other Christian denominations in Korea allege the Church “worships a man,” mistreats minors, and destroys families. The Church has been accused of breaking up families when women followers have left home and settled in Church of God buildings to await the “coming of Christ”.
They do believed in water baptism by “pouring water” on you, telling you things that they are the only true church and the rest are worshipping the “sun god” of Sunday and accuses Emperor Constantine for decreeing the man-made worship despite historically Emperor Constantine was just being a convert himself, and only legalizing Christianity in the Roman Empire at that time.
They also have sorts of funny practice, but more towards Korean practices, which personally I find it suspicious and skeptical, and their “book of life” is a false one, but instead they use it as a tool of harassment to their members who fell victims to them as members, requiring them not only required to recruit new members, but also required to come for their “service” on the required days, and it is required for their members to take Sabbath day on Saturday seriously, disassociate other Christians outside their cult, and are also required to visit Korea for their so-called “Jerusalem mother”.
2. Jehovah Witness
Jehovah’s Witnesses is a millenialist restorationist Christian denomination with nontrinitarian beliefs distinct from mainstream Christianity. The organization reports worldwide membership of over 7.65 million adherents involved in evangelism, convention attendance of over 12 million, and annual Memorial attendance of over 19.3 million. They are directed by the Governing Body of Jehovah’s Witnesses, a group of elders in Brooklyn, New York, that establishes all doctrines. Jehovah’s Witnesses’ beliefs are based on their interpretations of the Bible and they prefer to use their own translation, the New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures. They believe that the destruction of the present world system at Armageddon is imminent, and that the establishment of God’s kingdom on earth is the only solution for all problems faced by humankind.
The group emerged from the Bible Student movement—founded in the late 1870s by Charles Taze Russell with the formation of Zion’s Watch Tower Tract Society—with significant organizational and doctrinal changes under the leadership of Joseph Franklin Rutherford. The name Jehovah’s witnesses, based on Isaiah 43:10–12, was adopted in 1931 to distinguish themselves from other Bible Student groups and symbolize a break with the legacy of Russell’s traditions.
Jehovah’s Witnesses are best known for their door-to-door preaching, distributing literature such as The Watchtower and Awake!, and refusing military service and blood transfusions. They consider use of the name Jehovah vital for proper worship. They reject Trinitarianism, inherent immortality of the soul, and hellfire, which they consider to be unscriptural doctrines. They do not observe Christmas, Easter, birthdays, or other holidays and customs they consider to have pagan origins incompatible with Christianity. Adherents commonly refer to their body of beliefs as “the truth” and consider themselves to be “in the truth”. Jehovah’s Witnesses consider secular society to be morally corrupt and under the influence of Satan, and limit their social interaction with non-Witnesses.
Congregational disciplinary actions include disfellowshipping, their term for formal expulsion and shunning. Baptized individuals who formally leave are considered disassociated and are also shunned. Disfellowshipped and disassociated individuals may eventually be reinstated if deemed repentant.
The religion’s position regarding conscientious objection to military service and refusal to salute national flags has brought it into conflict with some governments. Consequently, Jehovah’s Witnesses have been persecuted and their activities are banned or restricted in some countries. Persistent legal challenges by Jehovah’s Witnesses have influenced legislation related to civil rights in several countries.
In 1972 the Singapore government de-registered and banned the activities of Jehovah’s Witnesses on the grounds that its members refuse to perform military service (which is obligatory for all male citizens), salute the flag, or swear oaths of allegiance to the state. Singapore has banned all written materials (including Bibles) published by the International Bible Students Association and the Watchtower Bible and Tract Society, both publishing arms of the Jehovah’s Witnesses. A person in possession of banned literature can be fined up to S$2,000 (US$1,460) and jailed up to 12 months for a first conviction.
In February 1995, Singapore police raided private homes where group members were holding religious meetings, in an operation codenamed “Operation Hope”. Officers seized Bibles, religious literature, documents and computers, and eventually brought charges against 69 Jehovah’s Witnesses, many of whom went to jail. In March 1995, 74-year-old Yu Nguk Ding was arrested for carrying two “undesirable publications”—one of them a Bible printed by the Watch Tower Society.
In 1996, eighteen Jehovah’s Witnesses were convicted for unlawfully meeting in a Singapore apartment and were given sentences from one to four weeks in jail. Canadian Queens Counsel Glen How flew to Singapore to defend the Jehovah’s Witnesses and argued that the restrictions against the Jehovah’s Witnesses violated their constitutional rights. Then-Chief Justice Yong Pung How questioned How’s sanity, accused him of “living in a cartoon world” and referred to “funny, cranky religious groups” before denying the appeal. In 1998, two Jehovah’s Witnesses were charged in a Singapore court for possessing and distributing banned religious publications.
In 1998 a Jehovah’s Witness lost a law suit against a government school for wrongful dismissal for refusing to sing the national anthem or salute the flag. In March 1999, the Court of Appeals denied his appeal. In 2000, public secondary schools indefinitely suspended at least fifteen Jehovah’s Witness students for refusing to sing the national anthem or participate in the flag ceremony.[ In April 2001, one public school teacher, also a member of Jehovah’s Witnesses, resigned after being threatened with dismissal for refusing to participate in singing the national anthem.
Singapore authorities have seized Jehovah’s Witnesses’ literature on various occasions from individuals attempting to cross the Malaysia-Singapore border. In thirteen cases, authorities warned the Jehovah’s Witnesses, but did not press charges.
As of 2008, there were 23 members of Jehovah’s Witnesses incarcerated in the armed forces detention barracks for refusal to carry out mandatory military service. The initial sentence for failure to comply is 15 months’ imprisonment, with an additional 24 months for a second refusal. All of the Jehovah’s Witnesses in detention were incarcerated for failing to perform their initial military obligations and expect to serve a total of 39 months. Failure to perform annual military reserve duty, which is required of all those who have completed their initial 2-year obligation, results in a 40-day sentence, with a 12-month sentence after four refusals. There is no alternative civilian service for Jehovah’s witnesses.
3. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormonism)
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (the LDS Church or, colloquially, the Mormon Church) is a Christian primitivist church that considers itself to be a restoration of the church founded by Jesus Christ. The church is headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, and has established congregations (called wards or branches) and built temples worldwide. With over 55,000 missionaries worldwide, the church currently has a membership of over 14.4 million and is ranked by the National Council of Churches as the fourth largest Christian denomination in the United States. It is the largest church originating on American soil, and it is the largest denomination in the Latter Day Saint movement started by Joseph Smith during the period of religious revival known as the Second Great Awakening.
Adherents, referred to as Latter-day Saints or, more informally, Mormons, view faith in Jesus Christ and his atonement as the central tenet of their religion. LDS theology includes the Christian doctrine of salvation only through Jesus Christ, though LDS doctrines regarding the nature of God and the potential of mankind differ significantly from mainstream Christianity. The church has an open canon which includes four scriptural texts: the Bible (both Old and New Testaments), the Book of Mormon, the Doctrine and Covenants, and the Pearl of Great Price. Other than the Bible, the majority of the LDS canon constitutes revelation dictated by Joseph Smith and includes commentary and exegesis about the Bible, texts described as lost parts of the Bible, and other works believed to be written by ancient prophets.
Under the doctrine of continuing revelation, Latter-day Saints believe that Jesus Christ, under the direction of Heavenly Father, leads the church by revealing His will to its president, whom adherents regard as a modern-day “prophet, seer, and revelator”. The current president is Thomas S. Monson. Individual members believe that they can also receive personal revelation from God in conducting their lives. The president heads a hierarchical structure with various levels reaching down to local congregations. Bishops, drawn from the laity, lead local congregations. Worthy male members, after reaching age 12, may be ordained to the priesthood. Women do not hold positions within the priesthood, but may occupy leadership roles in Church auxiliary organizations.
Both men and women may serve as missionaries, and the church maintains a large missionary program which proselytizes and conducts humanitarian services worldwide. Faithful members adhere to laws regarding sexual purity, health, fasting, and Sabbath observance, and are asked to contribute ten percent of their income to the church as a tithe. In addition, the church teaches sacred ordinances through which adherents make covenants with God, including baptism, confirmation, the sacrament (holy communion), endowment, and celestial marriage (marriage blessings which extend beyond mortality), which are of great significance to church members.
4. Unification Church (Moonies)
The Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity is a new religious movement founded in South Korea in 1954 by the late Sun Myung Moon. It is more commonly known as the Unification Church or the ‘Moonies’ (this latter name is unofficial and usually considered derogatory). Since its inception, the movement has expanded to most nations of the world and it now counts its membership at five to seven million, although most experts dismiss such high figures.
Unification Church beliefs are based on the Bible and are explained in the church’s textbook, Divine Principle. The Blessing ceremony of the Unification Church, a wedding or marriage rededication ceremony, is a church practice which has attracted wide public attention. The Unification Church has tried to engage in interfaith activities with other religions, including mainstream Christianity and Islam, despite theological differences.
The Unification Church has sponsored many organizations and projects over the years; including businesses, news media, projects in education and the arts, and political and social activism. It has a large ‘megachurch’ in Seoul, Korea and the Peace Island in Liberia with the New Hope Academy situated there. The church was led by Moon until his death on September 3, 2012, at which time, it was reported that his wife Hak Ja Han and their sons Hyung Jin Moon and Kook Jin Moon would assume the leadership of the church.
In 1982, Unification Church was de-registered and was banned in Singapore.


Brian McLaren Credit: Images from stock.xchng and Wikipedia
So, how to grow the Church God’s way? We learn it from the Acts of the Apostles. The Rev Dr Timothy Tow—wrote a commentary on Acts entitled, Pattern for Church Growth and Missions, and said that the Acts of the Apostles are an infallible pattern for us today in growing the Church. This is because the Apostles of Jesus Christ were infallible in their preaching (1 Thess 2:13), in their writing of the Holy Scriptures (2 Pet 3:16), and in the administration of the Church (2 Thess 3:6-9).
By way of illustration, a lighthouse is only good and useful if it stands alone and away from tall trees or buildings so that its powerful beacon can shine forth its light without hindrance and obstruction, and all can see clearly the way to safety. This was the testimony of the Bible-Presbyterian Church in Singapore founded by the Rev Dr Timothy Tow. In Growing Churches Singapore Style, Keith Hinton wrote, “…in 1950, Timothy Tow, influenced by the International Council of Christian Churches (ICCC), broke from the Presbyterian Church to form the new and rapidly growing Bible denomination … Dean Kelley, in his research on American churches, also discovered that churches which are clear in their beliefs, strict in their membership requirements, rather isolationist and actively evangelistic, grew much faster than those with a social message, ecumenical associations and easy membership terms.”